Problems, Teams, & Projects: The Future of Secondary Education?
I’ve been reading a fascinating book, “Teaching for Tomorrow, Teaching Content and Problem Solving Skills” by Ted McCain. It’s interesting because it focuses on several of the most powerful teaching methods currently starting to see more use. Namely teaching through a combination of Problems and Projects. Project based learning is already seeing real growth Instead of using the traditional lecture followed by review followed by test based on the lecture & reading content, in a Problem based environment the students are FIRST given a problem that they must solve. Then, during the process of solving the problem the instructor RESISTS the urge to help and forces the students to do the research and find the solutions themselves. An example of using such an approach to teach chemistry would be to tell students they work for the epa and must investigate large fish kills in a river downstream from an abandoned factory. You explain that tests of water samples have shown large amounts of phenol chloride in the water. You must determine just what phenol chloride is, why it might kill the fish, where it came from and how you might deal with the problem. This approach to teaching has shown tremendous benefits, particularly in helping to develop the kind of problem solving skills that children will be able to use their entire lives.
Another popular technique that is often paired with problem based learning is PROJECT based learning. This is pretty obvious. Instead of traditional lecture, reading assignment, testing format, students are assigned projects that help them learn the material through the experience of creating. In Career & Technical Education classes like mine, projects have always been the mainstay. But, now you’re starting to see them appear in science, math, history, even English. A favorite idea of mine is to use the same approach director Ken Burns with the Civil War. You provide students with letters, photos, and other raw materials from soldiers involved in a famous battle then assignment them the task of building a presentation about that battle and the experiences of those involved and it’s importance. Take it a step further and you could even bring in a local resident who was involved and let the students interview them and tape it. The whole I idea here is to push beyond the specific subject in the class and help to develop their Digital Literacry or , more accurately, Digital Communications skills.
Finally, there’s the use of teams. In my current course, I have divided the class into teams and have the teams work together to create content for the class. Studies have shown that in college, students who create study groups do better than those who “go it alone”. Though there is always the concern that a student won’t “carry their weight”, usually group dynamics can fight this. And, with online social network systems seeing more and more use in education, the ability for students to continue working outside of school gives this idea a lot of potential. In my classes, I get the chance to watch “team” work in more ways than just the creation of game levels. My students prefer multi-player games over single player. The result is that they are often working as teams to “take out” the other team. Certainly, it’s easy to see how one might be concerned that the students are working together to kill a bunch of zombies or terrorists, but the team approach they take actually can be applied to a broad range of areas.
There’s a lot more information out on these various means of teaching. Find below a list of hyperlinks. But, take it from me, they all show tremendous promise as we try to adapt and “reinvent” learning for these 21st century learners.
- http://pbl-online.org/
- http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/ccmb/usc-csp/Quikfacts.htm
- http://wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/Problem-Based_Learning_in_Middle_and_High_School
- http://www.google.com/
